• In earlier experiments on snails

  2025-02-17

  

  In earlier experiments on snails, a behavioral model was employed of certain food rejection to study the mechanisms of the reconsolidation of long-term associative memory. It was found that conditioned food stimuli (reminder) presentation, combined with injections of NMDA glutamate receptor antagoni

• Because of its role in tumor growth proliferation and

  2025-02-17

  

  Because of its role in tumor growth, proliferation and metastasis, Axl is considered a therapeutic target. Several Axl inhibitors, including low-molecular-weight agents and antibodies, have been reported. Axl inhibition, using low-molecular-weight inhibitors or shRNA knockdown, resulted in reduced t

• It was reported that overexpression of the rat

  2025-02-17

  

  It was reported that overexpression of the rat ACL gene in tobacco increased the total ACL activity by 4 fold, which increased the production of fatty acids by 16% [8]. Recently, a 1.7-fold increase of fatty acids and 1.9-fold increase of triacylglycerol (TAG) was observed in Aspergillus oryzae with

• Several mechanisms have been suggested to account for the ca

  2025-02-17

  

  Several mechanisms have been suggested to account for the causal association of ICAM-1 induction and leukocyte adhesion with DR, including oxidative stress [16], NF-κB [17], PKC [18], and bioactive lipids [19]. Our previous studies highlighted the role of bioactive lipid metabolites derived from 12/

• Recent progress has been made in translating animal findings

  2025-02-17

  

  Recent progress has been made in translating animal findings on memory performance and amnestic effects – that are largely determined by tonically active receptors in which α5 contributes to the benzodiazepine binding site. Based on the observation that deletion of this subunit led to improved spati

• br Functional repercussions of each trimming pathway A main

  2025-02-15

  

  Functional repercussions of each trimming pathway A main difference between the two pathways presented in Fig. 1 lies in enzyme kinetics and selectivity. In pathway #1, the substrate for ERAP1 is free peptide, and so both kinetics and selectivity are determined by interactions between the peptide

• It remains to elucidate whether proteolytic activity is the

  2025-02-15

  

  It remains to elucidate whether proteolytic activity is the cause or the consequence of changing levels of peptidergic substrates. In fact, in some cases, the expression of the enzyme does not necessarily parallel with its activity [26], [55], [57] and other factors such as a definite biochemical en

• Moreover mice exposed to high cholesterol diet have mildly

  2025-02-15

  

  Moreover, mice exposed to high-cholesterol diet have mildly activated astrocytes, increased expression of ApoE and aquaporin-4 in the hippocampus, and altered levels of proteins associated with Aβ metabolism (Chen et al., 2016), which is related to a higher demand for cholesterol transport and the n

• For the time being fluorescent in situ hybridization

  2025-02-15

  

  For the time being, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) remains the ‘gold standard’ for ALK rearrangements diagnosis but immunohistochemistry has become a widely used pre-screening tool and the FDA recently approved the Ventana ALK (D5F3) CDx Assay (Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, AZ) as a com

• The macrophage is the major cell type responsible

  2025-02-15

  

  The macrophage is the major cell type responsible for cholesterol uptake and metabolism associated with the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis in focal areas of the arterial subendothelial space. In advanced atherosclerotic lesions of cardiovascular disease, cholesterol-induced macrophage

• In fact serotonin is a major modulator of dopaminergic

  2025-02-15

  

  In fact, serotonin is a major modulator of dopaminergic (DA) neuronal activity through the 5-HT2C receptor. Studies have shown that the selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist Ro60-0175 blocks the burst-firing of mesolimbic DA neurons, which project from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus acc

• One study has demonstrated that PUFA reduced

  2025-02-15

  

  One study has demonstrated that ω-3 PUFA reduced both cholesterol and caveolin-1 (a marker of raft), thereby displacing raft-associated signaling molecules from lipid raft [36]. Additionally, DHA treatment decreased the amount of lipid raft in the cell surface and displaced several lipid raft-associ

• br Actin cytoskeleton in protrusion Pushing force driving

  2025-02-15

  

  Actin cytoskeleton in protrusion Pushing force driving membrane protrusion is generated by polymerizing 1 98 filaments organized either into branched networks or parallel bundles. Branched networks are assembled through Arp2/3 complex-dependent actin nucleation and drive protrusion of lamellipod

• br Role of LPA in tumor angiogenesis and skeletal metastasis

  2025-02-14

  

  Role of LPA in tumor angiogenesis and skeletal metastasis The angiogenesis switch is essential for tumor expansion and escape of tumor FDA drug repurposing library from the primary site and forming distant metastases. Evidence for the role of LPA2 and LPA3 in the mobility of endothelial cells an

• Inactivation of autophagy can also

  2025-02-14

  

  Inactivation of autophagy can also impact the surface internalization of MHC I molecules, leading to increased antigen presentation. Inactivation of autophagy factors Atg5 and Atg7 in DCs causes elevation of MHC I surface levels by decreasing endocytosis due to a poor recruitment of adaptor-associat

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